OBITUARY

OBITUARIES

Of People Who Have Contributed to

Hypnosis and Hypnotherapy

1. OBITUARY: JACOB H. CONN (1904-1990)
2. OBITUARY: NICHOLAS SPANOS (1942-1994)
3. OBITUARY: PETER CASSON (1921-1995)
4. OBITUARY ANDREW SALTER (1914-1996)
5. OBITUARY: MARTIN T. ORNE, (1927-2000)
6. OBITUARY: LOUIS L. DUBIN (1920-2002)
7. OBITUARY: MILTON KLINE (1923-2004)
8. OBITUARY: THEODORE R. SARBIN (1911-2005)
9. OBITUARY: JACK GIBSON (1919-2005)
10. OBITUARY: ROBERT BAKER (1921-2005)
11. OBITUARY: THEODORE BARBER (1927-2005)
12. OBITUARY: GEOFF GRAHAM (1932-2005)
13. OBITUARY: JOHN DEWERTH (1911-2006)
14. OBITUARY: JAY HALLEY (1924-2007)
15. OBITUARY: ALBERT ELLIS (1923-2007)
16. OBITUARY: HAROLD CRASILNECK (1921-2008)

1. OBITUARY JACOB H. CONN (1904-1990), 86, A PSYCHIATRIST, IS DEAD: NEW YORK TIMES: Dr. Jacob Harry Conn, a psychiatrist and educator for 50 years, died Wednesday at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. He was 86 years old and lived in Baltimore. Dr. Jacob Harry Conn, a psychiatrist and educator for 50 years, died Wednesday at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore. He was 86 years old and lived in Baltimore. He died of pneumonia, a family spokewoman said.
Dr. Conn was affiliated with Johns Hopkins Hospital and the university's medical school from 1931 to 1981. He also served as a consultant to the Veterans Administration Hospital and the United States District Court in Baltimore. He was in private practice from 1933 until his retirement in 1981. A 1929 graduate of the University of Maryland Medical School, Dr. Conn was also a hypnotist and a child psychiatrist who developed a method of play interview to deal with phobias in children.
He was a past president of the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis and of the Maryland Association of Private Practicing Psychiatrists. He is survived by his wife, Beatrice; two daughters, Margaret Himelfarb of Baltimore and Rosalind Cohen of Washington, and four grandchildren.

2. NICHOLAS SPANOS OBITUARY COMPLIED BY PAUL G. DURBIN: Nicholas “Nick” Spanos died in an airplane crash on June 7, 1994 at the age of 52. Robert Baker wrote in Skeptical Inquirer, “Nick was not only a productive and prolific scholar but also a great teacher and mentor, as well as one of the world's foremost authorities on hypnotic phenomena and social psychology. In a l991 article that examined eminence among social psychologists, Nick was ranked one of the hundred most eminent, and in terms of productivity he was ranked third in the world.
“Although most of his professional career was spent at Carleton University in Ottawa, he was an American by birth and received his B.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Boston University. After getting his doctorate in individual, group, and family psychotherapy, he joined the Medfield State Hospital and Medfield Foundation, working closely with T. X. Barber, before becoming the director of clinical services with Boston Psychological Associates.
“Recognizing the lack of scientific underpinnings for so much of clinical psychology, he joined the Department of Psychology at Carleton in 1975, where he undertook an astonishing research career. Between 1975 and 1994, Nick wrote 183 journal articles, 19 chapters for various medical and psychological textbooks, and published two outstanding textsbooks: one with Barber and J. F. Chaves titled Hypnosis, Imagination & Human Potentialities (Pergamon, 1974), and was the senior editor, with Chaves, of the second, Hypnosis: The Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective (Prometheus, 1989).”
Max Gwynn and others dedicated their book Hypnosis and Imagination of which Nicholas was a contributor and one of the editors of the book. Max wrote: “Nick Spanos was one of the most enigmatic, unconventional individuals that one was likely to meet; however, he was very successful in the conventional confines of academia and scientific investigation. He was a man of many interests; a passionate reader who loved a good informal debate. I learned soon after meeting Nick that you had better be well armed if you would venture to engage him in a debate on practically any issue. He had in-depth knowledge of a multitude of topics: from experimental hypnosis to law and psychology; from claims of UFO abductions to JFK assassination conspiracies; from the Bible to the National Enquirer.
“Nick was never content to let sleeping dogs lie, or to follow along with the status quo either socially or academically. He reveled in shaking foundations not only to see how others would react to his heresy, but because he firmly believed that there were flaws in the structures of these foundations, and he wanted to point them out for the world to see.
“Nick served as an academic advisor to more than 100 graduate and undergraduate students over the years; I count myself lucky to be included among them. He always encouraged his advises to rise up to and triumph over the challenges that we were (seemingly constantly) up against, not only the familiar challenges involving the hoops and hurdles of academia, but also the more general challenges of mastering the art of critical scientific thinking. His helpful advice concerning (v) those academic challenges was at the time invaluable to me; his vital advice on scientific thinking and inquiry will remain with me always.
“Nick was a prolific writer who was able to produce a manuscript of outstanding quality and insight in nary the blink of an eye. I remember more than once, Nick and I would spend a number of days (not to mention late nights) reviewing the analyses of a certain study we had just completed. I would head off, content with the day's work, and "waste away" the next eight hours in such mundane tasks as traveling home, sleeping, and eating. But not so for Nick. I'd arrive back at the lab the next morning, and there he would be, affixed to his desk, greeting me with, "I've got a draft of that paper for JPSP; let's go over it," and he'd hand me an almost letter-perfect handwritten manuscript. Did this man ever sleep? After working with Nick for ten years, I was almost able to read all of his (for lack of a better term) handwriting. His students eventually pushed Nick kicking and screaming into the computer age, and he bought his first computer for word processing, which, of course, accelerated his fantastic rate of output even more .
“Nick was a generous man who gave freely, not only of his material possessions, but of his time, his knowledge, and his insight. To be a complete academic advisor to a single student· is challenge enough for most of us. His ability to give his seemingly undivided attention to as many as thirty students at a time astounds me. We all owe an enormous debt of gratitude to Nick for fostering our fledgling interests, and instilling in us the desire to disengage fiction from fact, myth from reality. He has produced a new generation of psychological researchers; at least a dozen of his apprentices now hold faculty or professional research positions of their own. Mary Shelley's famous fictional doctor was a scientist who devoted his life to creating a man; Dr. Nicholas Spanos was a man who devoted his life to creating scientists.
“I will always remember the loyalty, kindness, and benevolence Nick showed toward me, feelings that I'm confident are shared by all those whose lives Nick touched. The man may be gone, but his friendship, teachings, and spirit will guide me unendingly. For these and so many other reasons, I yearn to express once more, "Nick, thanks for everything." Max Gwynn

3. OBITUARY: PETER CASSON (1921-1995): DR DYLAN MORGAN: The recent death on 24 October of Peter Casson, one of our members, will bring sadness to many. He was a man who lived life to the full and brought out the same in others around him. Many details of his life and work will be found in the article above. Here we will simply remember the service that he did our profession in the postwar years when it was in its infancy. On the one hand his Hypnosis shows did much to persuade the public of the reality of Hypnosis, and on the other hand his clinical work, undertaken when his income from entertainment was astronomic by the standards of the average Hypnotherapist, helped to underline the serious and helpful aspects of Hypnosis. In addition he did much to persuade a sceptical medical profession of the value of Hypnosis in therapy. These seeds that he planted, starting from the early postwar years, are bearing fruit today and will continue to do so into the next century.
Peter was born in Bridlington, a seaside resort in Yorkshire, on 13 December 1921. In the war he served in the Royal Marines, where he began to develop his skills in Hypnosis. (There were no courses in those days!) He did so well that he was performing at the London Palladium in 1946, before many of us were born! This was also the venue of his acclaimed final performance in 1991, at the age of 70.
The last years of his life were limited by illness, but even then he was as active as possible, and worked to establish the Federation of Ethical Stage Hypnotists in an attempt to ensure that the career to which he devoted his life will continue to maintain the high moral standards that he always adhered to in his stage shows.
I only met Peter once, for an afternoon, about a year ago at the house of a common friend - Peter Davies. We talked of many things but the picture I am left with is a simple one, but may capture some of the essence of the inner man, and balance that of the world-famous performer. He is sitting in an easy chair in a relaxed way. On his lap is a cat which is purring up into his face in ecstasy. Peter is looking down and his hand is stroking the cat with a touch full of awareness, and there is a sense of an unspoken communion and empathy. There was a deep peace in the scene, and the mutual love of man and cat was radiant. Though this has nothing of the glamour of the public man, it may yet tell us more about what we also need to do our job well: an innocent humility, a lively awareness of what we are doing, a deep ability to relate to other beings and, above all, a love for them. Reprinted from The Journal of the National Council for Psychotherapists and Hypnotherapy Register, Winter EXCERPTS PETER CASSON - MASTER HYPNOTIST: DR DYLAN MORGAN: Peter Casson, was a long standing member of the National Council of Psychotherapists, with well over half a century of experience of hypnosis. Peter was born in 1921, and grew up in that period between the wars where international interest in hypnotic phenomena was at a low ebb after the great wave of interest in scientific circles which peaked at around the turn of the century. He first became interested in the subject on hearing about it at a Psychology class run by Mr. Baggott, a lecturer in Psychology at Hull University College, and was soon reading widely and experimenting on his friends. But it was when he joined the Royal Marines as a Telecommunications Specialist and Radar Engineer that his ability won real recognition. Tales of his skill at hypnotising fellow recruits soon spread and his first stage show was at the Sergeants Mess at his Portsmouth Barracks at the special request of the Color Sergeant.
It was during the war that Peter's life-long interest in the therapeutic uses of hypnosis began, working with severely shell-shocked casualties in Egypt at the request of local doctors. Since that time these two sides of Peter's life have continued hand in hand. On the one side he went on after the war to become simply the best stage demonstrator of hypnotic phenomena in the country. There are those who decry stage performances, but it is well to remember that hypnosis is only accepted as a fact and not a fantasy by millions of people as a result of shows by Peter and people like him.
On the therapeutic side, Peter was soon making contact with medical men who had an interest in hypnosis - very few in those days - such as Dr. Sir Alexander Cannon. In 1950 he was invited to give the Annual Lecture at the Hunterian Society, the oldest and most prestigious medical society in the world. He is the only lay man ever to have been so invited.
USA: He has found that the academic establishment in the USA is more enthusiastic about hypnosis that it is in this country, and he has spent time teaching and working on a research project at the Wake Forest University Medical School, North Carolina, at the invitation of James Toole, the professor of Neurology.
Peter was able to demonstrate that hypnosis was able first to eliminate a great deal of the spurious activity which is generally taking place in the brain, and then, with this calm condition as a base line, he was able to activate, by suggestion, a particular region of the brain at will. For example at the suggestion of flashing lights, that system of the brain which deals with "looking" would become active, demonstrating the totally real neurological correlate of the subjective experience. Peter has also used his skills in a therapeutic context in his own clinics in London and Yorkshire throughout the greater part of his professional life, working three weeks in them for every one on the stage.
Over his lifetime Peter has seen hypnosis burgeon from a condition in which there were no more than a handful of people in the country who were using it in any way. Today there are thousands of hypnotherapists and perhaps hundreds of stage and pub performers who are following along the trail blazed by Peter Casson.

4. OBITUARY ANDREW SALTER (1914-1996): WIKIPEDIA: Andrew Salter (May 9, 1914-October 6, 1996) is the founder of conditioned reflex therapy, a type of therapy that emphasizes conscious physical action as the way to combat ingrained negative behaviors. In the 1940s, Salter introduced to American psychotherapy the Pavlovian method of contradicting, opposing, and attacking beliefs.
Salter was the first nationally recognized opponent of psychoanalysis. He was a dedicated critic of Freud. His book "The Case Against Psychoanalysis" was so controversial that the New York Times gave it two reviews, one extremely positive and one extremely negative.
Salter proclaimed in this post-war tome, "psychoanalysis has outlived its usefulness." Salter chucked psychoanalysis and replaced it with Pavlovian conditioning under hypnosis. In the conditioned reflex, he has seen the essence of hypnosis. He gave a rebirth to hypnotism by combining it with classical conditioning.
In the original Frank Sinatra film The Manchurian Candidate the Chinese cite Salter's work as their inspiration to brainwash the soldiers. Andrew Salter received his BA from NYU, and was "grand-fathered in" as a practicing (Manhattan at 1000 Park Avenue at East 84th Street) psychologist with only a BA. He was a genius who was fluent in seven languages. He first made his mark clearing out the alcoholic's ward at New York's Bellevue Hospital by curing patients with hypnosis and teaching them self-hypnosis (autosuggestion). Andrew Salter was and remains the most passionate opponent of Classical Freudian Psychoanalysis and believed that A. A. Brill (who was Sigmund Freud's official English translator) had "homogenized" Freud's work and deliberately omitted passages which Brill considered to be too radical, conflicting or bizarre. Salter spent three years studying everything Freud and his contemporaries had written, including correspondence with Carl Jung and Anna Freud, mostly in the original German before writing his "autopsy" of Psychoanalysis, "The Case Against Psychoanalysis" which today remains the best work ever written critiquing Freud's theories. Today's academic texts "soft pedal" many of Freud's theories, making Psychoanalysis more "palatable" due largely in part to Salter's works and those who came after him.
Salter also brought attention to the fact that Pavlovian Psychology was a lot more than simple Classical Conditioning, citing the work done in Pavlov's Russian laboratory for over a quarter of a century. Salter is considered by many to be the "father of behavior therapy". Salter is certainly one of the first psychotherapists who adapted and applied learning theories to clinical practice. Salter believed in releasing personal "inhibitions" by practicing techniques leading to what he called "excitation" which results in "disinhibition", a state which he described as akin to being slightly drunk. Chapter 8 in "Conditioned Reflex Therapy" contains all of the "exercises" (like the deliberate use of the word "I") leading to a state of excitation. Today, excitation, a term from the Pavlovian lexicon, might be referred to as a combination of "assertion" and "disinhibition". Salter, as did other "behaviorists" of the time, also had his patients learn & practice Edmund Jacobson's technique of "progressive relaxation".
Salter's hypnotic and relaxation techniques were first explained in his book, "What Is Hypnosis?" which was proclaimed a work of genius by Theodore X. Barber, a physiologist who researched hypnotic induction (Barber and Calverley) during the post World War II era. Salter's writing is brillant and the style excellent. Informative, entertaining and well worth reading. Salter was a serious writer with a great sense of humor and irony. Salter's techniques were revived among college students during the early and mid 1970's at Bernard M. Baruch College (City University of New York) by student leader and newpaper ("The Ticker") editor Richard Rodriguez, who was
introduced to Salter's work by ex-Marine and fellow student, Brian Guerre. After corresponding with Salter, Rodriguez held training sessions on campus in the office of his "Health Sciences Society" organization which he founded in 1972. Over a two year period, Rodriguez trained over two hundred students in progressive relaxation and autosuggestion, which improved the students' ability to study and do better on exams. Rodriguez's motto was "relax to your purpose". Although we now know much more about the workings and chemistry of the brain then was known 65 years ago, Salter's techniques remain extremely effective and life altering. His works remained in print for over 25 years and have been translated in over a dozen languages and his books have also won numerous awards. The Salter family has recently promoted the re-publication of "Conditioned Reflex Therapy" which was Salter's most influential work.

5. OBITUARY: MARTIN T. ORNE, (1927-2000): EXCERPT IN MEMORIAM JOHN F. KIHLSTROM & FRED FRANKEL:
Martin T. Orne, one of the leading figures in the modern era of hypnosis. Orne made classic contributions to our knowledge of the nature of hypnosis and its applications to psychotherapy and behavioral medicine. From his distinguished academic bases, first at Harvard and later at Pennsylvania, he helped bring new status to the scientific study of hypnosis and vigorously promoted its use in medicine and psychotherapy. Martin Orne is survived by his wife, Emily Carota Orne, a research psychologist who was his longtime collaborator at the Unit for Experimental Psychiatry; their son, Franklin; and daughter, Tracy.
Martin Orne was born in Vienna on October 16, 1927, into a family of physicians; his father, Frank Orne, was a surgeon, and his mother, Martha Brunner-Orne, was a psychiatrist who made distinguished contributions to the understanding and treatment of alcoholism. In 1938, escaping the Nazi onslaught, the family emigrated to the United States, settling first in New York City. Orne received his bachelor's degree from Harvard in 1948. Orne received his medical degree from Tufts in 1955 and his doctorate in psychology from Harvard in 1958.
Throughout his career, Orne was primarily concerned with the objective, scientific study of private, subjective experience, and hypnosis was the perfect vehicle for pursuing this topic. Many of Orne's papers on hypnosis were critical of popular, long-standing claims about hypnosis. His bachelor's thesis, which remains a classic, compared subjects' productions during hypnotic age-regression to artifacts from their actual childhood. Together with later work in Orne's laboratory by Donald O'Connell, this line of research showed convincingly that age-regression did not necessarily revive childhood memories or replace adult modes of psychological functioning with those of childhood. Another classic experiment, conducted with Frederick J. Evans, showed that antisocial and self-injurious behavior, apparently produced by hypnotic suggestion, was actually a response to the demand characteristics of the experimental setting in which the suggestions were given and had nothing to do with hypnosis per se. Similarly, Orne and Evans showed that hypnosis did not enable subjects to transcend normal limits of human performance. There were positive contributions, too. Orne's doctoral dissertation introduced the concepts of both trance logic and the real-simulator design. This paper shaped much of the agenda of hypnosis for research for more than two decades.
Orne was trained as both a researcher and a clinician, and he never acquiesced to the "split" between science and practice. From the beginning to the end of his career, he promoted the appropriate and effective use of hypnosis in the clinic, but he insisted that clinical practice should be grounded in empirical research. He was a staunch advocate of the use of hypnosis to control pain and cautiously optimistic about the psychosomatic effects of hypnotic suggestion. Most recently, he became involved in a project examining the effectiveness of self-hypnosis and meditation for the management of stress and pain in sickle cell anemia.
In his twin roles as clinician and researcher, Orne was a central figure in the debate, still current, over the use of hypnosis to recover forgotten memories. Orne's view that hypnosis is unduly suggestive and could lead witnesses to confabulate -- or, at least, to have undue confidence in their memories -- was favorably cited in more than 30 state supreme court decisions, as well as by the United States Supreme Court. He led a committee of the American Medical Association, which established standards for the forensic use of hypnosis. The "Orne guidelines" were essentially adopted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and other law-enforcement agencies. When clinical practitioners began to use hypnosis in psychotherapy with victims of trauma, Orne warned against the view that hypnosis was a "royal road" to repressed or dissociated memories and cautioned that "recovered memories" of trauma, no less than other clinically or forensically important memories, required independent corroboration. To the end of his life, he was actively involved in the debate over the validity of recovered memory therapy.
Orne serve as an expert witness in a number of cases involving issues broadly related to hypnosis. Most famous, perhaps, was his evaluation of Kenneth Bianchi, the accused "Hillside Strangler," which was documented in "The Mind of a Murderer," an award-winning BBC documentary. Based on his experience with simulating subjects, Orne was able to undermine Bianchi's "multiple personality" defense. In the 1980s, as the dissociative disorders regained their place in the diagnostic nomenclature, and case reports of multiple personality rose to epidemic proportions, Orne took a skeptical stance.
Reminding his colleagues of the 19th-century debate between the Salpetriere and the Nancy schools of hypnosis, he underscored the role of suggestion in producing the phenomena of hysteria and dissociation and warned inexperienced practitioners to beware of iatrogenesis. Orne's contributions to clinical practice went far beyond the use of hypnosis.

6. OBITUARY LOUIS L. DUBIN, M.A., D.D.S., PH.D. JULY 24, 1920 - JULY 29, 2002:
My mentor, friend, and colleague Louis Dubin, was born on July 24, 1920 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and died on July 29, 2002. Lou held doctorates in both dentistry and psychology. Originally, he set out to become a bacteriologist. After finishing his master's degree in the field, he went to dental school. In 1951 he became intrigued with and began his never-ending studies in clinical hypnosis. Always a perpetual student, he then completed his Ph.D. in psychology. While continuing his studies, he provided his knowledge and expertise to others through teaching. Lou shared his knowledge and intellect as a Clinical Professor at Temple University; as an Associate Clinical Professor at Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Psychiatry; and as an Attending in the Albert Einstein Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry. Lou was also board certified in forensics. He made himself, his knowledge, and his skills available to assure that justice was done. His legal pursuits were a perfect fit for him because a good expert witness sees the job as one in which it is important to be a teacher. Lou always turned the courtroom into a lecture hall in which he usually had over fifteen students: the judge, attorneys on both sides, plaintiffs and defendants, and twelve jurors. He called on his knowledge and experience to supply relevant case material as a foundation for a fair and just case resolution. While on the stand, he also maintained his composure and professionalism under adverse questioning and provided relevant substantiation for his testimony.
Albert Einstein Medical Center created a yearly lecture series in Medicine, Hypnosis, and the Law in Lou's honor, the first of all their lecture series that was to honor a living professional. Lou passed on less than a month before the first lecture could take place, and the series will now be held in his memory. Lou was one of the great teachers in the field of hypnosis and was actively involved in every aspect of professional hypnosis. He was Past President of the Greater Philadelphia Society of Hypnosis and our own ASCH. He was a Diplomate of the American Board of Dental Hypnosis and a Fellow of both ASCH and SCEH. In addition to sharing through his lectures, he authored and co-authored numerous articles on clinical hypnosis. Most of them were penned in the study off the living room at home. Lou was forever writing and re-writing, and crumpled papers littering the floor was a commonplace scene. In addition to teaching others, he was passionate about directly helping people He saw patients and used hypnosis at his dental office (sometimes working past midnight), at the hospitals he was affiliated with, at prisons working with psychiatrists, and in his study at home. Retirement never truly materialized for Lou. He was already doing what he loved throughout his multidisciplined career. There was always too much left for him to share, for him to be idle. Lou was a true embodiment of a "Renaissance Man". Lou and his wife, Bette, were married for 53 years and had two children. John is an Emergency room M.D. and Jan blessed them with their eight grandchildren.
Lou Dubin was a colleague and friend to us for many years, but how does one find the syntax to do justice to such an individual? Language would be too restrictive (even were I a poet laureate) when it concerned expressing my admiration and respect for Lou. Despite Lou's frenetic pace, he always had time to help others. He made the time. It was as important to him to pass on his acquired knowledge and skills, as it was to quench his constant educational thirst. He was the consummate student and educator, and a tremendous individual. I can describe his accomplishments, but I can't adequately express the depth of the professional and personal gratitude that we all hold for him in our heads and hearts. On a personal note, it was to have been my privilege to co-teach another workshop with Lou. He had gone to great lengths to rearrange his busy schedule for that. Unfortunately it just wasn't destined to be. He was one of my mentors and idols. I will miss him greatly; we all will. In his honor, we can emulate his generosity and his commitment by sharing our knowledge with others, as he shared his. Passing on Lou's principles and philosophies can be our greatest tribute to his memory and legacy.

7. OBITUARY DR. MILTON KLINE (1923-2004): KLINE--Dr. Milton V. Psychologist and pioneer in hypnotherapy died on January 7 at Northern Westchester Hospital Center, Mount Kisco, NY. He was co-founder of the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. Director and founder of the Institute for Research in Hypnosis and Psychotherapy and the Morton Prince Mental Health Center. Editor Emeritus of the International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis; author of ''Freud and Hypnosis,'' ''Forensic Hypnosis,'' ''The Search for Bridey Murphy,'' ''Clinical Correlations of Experimental Hypnosis,'' ''Psychodynamics and Hypnosis,'' ''Hypnodynamic Psychology,'' ''Short Term Dynamic Hypnotherapy and Hypnoanalysis''; editor ''Obesity: Etiology, Treatment and Management.'' His books have been translated into several languages. He was a contributor of scientific papers to numerous professional journals. Dr. Kline had private practices in NYC and Pound Ridge, New York. He is survived by his wife Dorothy, his daughter Jill and granddaughter Lucy.

8. OBITUARY THEODORE R. SARBIN (1911-2005): V. M. HEVERN: Theodore Roy (Ted) Sarbin was professor emeritus of psychology and criminology at the University of California, Santa Cruz. He was born in 1911 and raised in Cleveland, OH. Completing high school at night, Sarbin held several odd jobs in the early Depression years and did not begin undergraduate studies at the Ohio State University until 1934 when he was 23. He graduated cum laude two years later and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. He received a master's degree in psychology from Case Western Reserve University in 1937 and completed his doctoral work at Ohio State in 1941. Meanwhile he held various positions at the University of Minnesota (1938-1941) doing student personnel and clinical psychological work. At a talk given by Prof. Norman Cameron (University of Wisconsin) for the student honor society, Psi Chi, at Minnesota in either 1939 or 1940, Sarbin first encountered the notion of role-taking which was to influence much of his later work. Indeed, Sarbin's first published reflections upon role taking came soon thereafter as he explored how roles are closely tied to notions of the self (see Sarbin, 1943). From 1941 to 1943 he completed a Social Science Research Council post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Chicago where he was sponsored by the eminent professor of urban sociology, Ernest Burgess. The work and thoughts of University of Chicago social theorist, George Herbert Mead, who had died in 1931, acted as a continuing influence on Sarbin as it had on others. During this fellowship, he attended seminars at the Chicago Institute of Psychoanalysis and gained wider clinical experience as a visiting faculty member at several psychiatric hospitals in the Chicago area. In this period, he made a one-week visit to Beacon Hill Sanitarium, the private hospital in New York State where Jacob L. Moreno, the founding theorist of psychodrama, employed his methods and trained other therapists.
After completing a post-doctoral fellowship at U Chicago, Sarbin worked briefly at the Lincoln State School for the Mentally Retarded in a clinical supervisory role. He established a private clinical practice in Chicago and taught some classes at Northwestern University's night school. However, Sarbin and his family relocated to Southern California (Los Angeles) in late 1944 or early 1945. In addition to setting up a clinical practice in Los Angeles, Sarbin also began teaching part-time at Long Beach City College. In 1947 he accepted a part-time clinical appointment at the Veterans Administration clinic in Los Angeles until moving to the Bay area in 1949.
Sarbin joined the psychology faculty at the University of California at Berkeley in 1949 as a lecturer in clinical psychology. He remained at Berkeley for two decades. Subsequently, he moved to the newly opened campus of the University of California at Santa Cruz (UCSC) in the 1969 where he was Professor of Psychology and Criminology. Though he attained "emeritus" status at UCSC in 1976, he continued teaching on a part-time basis for the next twelve years.
The phenomenon of hypnotism--its nature and clinical use--was a very early interest of Sarbin's and remained one for his entire career. His first published paper (Friedlander & Sarbin, 1938) examined the depth of the hypnotic state. Influenced by his work on clinical hypnotism and its relation to the assumption of the hypnotic role, Sarbin fashioned an expanded social psychological theory of role taking which appeared in his pivotal 1954 article in the Handbook of Socal Psychology (Lindzey, 1954).
Sarbin's interest in narrative stemmed from the work he had done previously on role theory and the ways in which humans adapt dramaturgical stances in their everyday lives. Very early in his teaching career at Berkeley, Sarbin had used narrative case studies extensively as he introduced his students to abnormal and clinical psychology. In his first year at Santa Cruz, he became personally acquainted with retired Berkeley philosopher, Stephen C. Pepper (1891-1972), who had published the influential volume, World Hypotheses, in 1942. In this work, Pepper argued that humans deploy fundamental metaphorical strategies ("root metaphors") by which to interpret their experiences of the world. He isolated four such root metaphors which he labeled "formism, mechanism, contextualism, and organicism". Sarbin would later note: "Eventually I tied contextualism and the narrative together and saw that the root metaphor for contextualism is the historic act in all its complexity. My chapter in the book, Narrative Psychology, showed that the narrative could equally represent contextualism. It has all of the same features as the historical act. The only difference is that narratives are told as well as lived while historical acts, of course, are narrated by historians" (Hevern, 1999). His famous essay on narrative as a root metaphor (Sarbin, 1986) grew out of discussions initiated at the Center for the Humanities at Wesleyan University in 1979. There he was exposed to or entered into discussions with figures like Louis Mink, Steven Crites, and others for whom narrative was a central topic of concern. Sarbin offered his thoughts about narrative as a root metaphor for psychology publicly at a symposium at the 1983 APA Convention in Anaheim, CA in a session chaired by Brian Sutton-Smith.
After retiring from UC Santa Cruz faculty, Sarbin continued to publish extensively as well as to teach, primarily at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, CA. In 1988 he was the author of a controversial study--the "PERSEREC" Report with Kenneth Karols (Sarbin & Karols, 1988), which challenged the Department of Defense's policy of excluding homosexuals from the military. He continued to work at the Defense Personnel Security Research Center (PERSEREC) until shortly before his death on August 31, 2005
Sarbin was legendary for his dedication to his many former graduate students and colleagues with whom he continued to write and carry out research and other projects at a steady pace until his death. Of course, few scholars -- psychologists or otherwise -- have been publishing continuously to such acclaim across seven decades.
In the summer of 2005, Sarbin was diagnosed with advanced pancreatic cancer. Despite this, he came to the American Psychological Association meeting in Washington, DC during August 18-21 in order to have a chance to meet with his professional colleagues and friends for a last time. He did so at several venues including a dinner at which he introduced about 65 other guests individually, presented the first Theodore R. Sarbin Award for Narrative Psychology to Jefferson Singer (Connecticut College) on behalf of Division 24 (Theoretical and Philosophical Psychology) of APA, and made two final awards of his "Role Theorist of the Year" to Hank Stam (U Calgary) and Robert Elliott (U Toledo). On the following day, he sat through a two-hour symposium on "Narrative Psychology: State of the Art" with a group of some of the most important psychologists in the field (Dan McAdams, Michael Bamberg, Ruthellen Josselson, Mary and Ken Gergen) with about 300-350 attending and offered a 4 1/2 minute discussion at the end, only shortened because his voice gave out. At his death, Ted was 94 years old, had been an active and productive psychologist from 1937 until 10 days previous, and left behind an immense number of people who loved him dearly for his professional contributions, utter decency, kind care, and warm friendship.
He received the Henry A. Murray Award in 1994 from the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. In 1999 he was the recipient of the Award for Distinguished Theoretical and Philosophical Contributions to Psychology by Division 24 of the American Psychological Association. In August 2005, that same division instituted an annual award in his name.

9. OBITUARY: JACK GIBSON (1919-2005): Jack Stanley Gibson Surgeon who advocated the use of hypnosis as an alternative to anaesthetics Jack Stanley Gibson, surgeon and hypnotherapist Naas, County Kildare, Ireland (b 1909; q 1933; FRCSI, DTM&H). Jack Gibson died peacefully in the Naas General Hospital on Saturday 2 April 2005 aged 95.
He will be remembered by his colleagues, patients, and employees as a doctor with a welcoming smile who treated everyone with respect and courtesy. He was a short, balding dynamo of a man, once a James Mason lookalike, latterly closer to Nelson Mandela with Ghandi’s beautiful smile. His impact on people’s lives was phenomenal.
He was a walking contradiction who was the bane of many a hospital hierarchy or high court judge: he was alternative yet conventional, a rebellious yet establishment figure, informal yet intense, self mocking yet proud. He was obstinate and infuriating, yet nevertheless colorful and charismatic. Jack was always improvisational and inventive as a surgeon, creating new stitching techniques and instruments, pioneering hypnosis even before the second world war and castigating the excessive use of antibiotics. He believed in the power of the mind above all else and inspired several generations of doctors to the underrated practice of hypnosis, both in surgery and in treating psychosomatic disorders or disease. His books are peppered with inspirational and often idiosyncratic tales and case histories that leave the reader gasping for more.
After becoming a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Ireland in 1934, he then did locums in Aden and Malawi (1935-7), and at the McCord Zulu Hospital (1938). He became dean of the Medical Aids School (later known as the Durban Medical School) in 1939. He worked for the Emergency Medical Service in Newcastle, Liverpool, and Weymouth (1939-45) treating soldiers wounded at Dunkirk and during D Day. Jack returned to South Africa working at the Brakepan Hospital and as a GP in 1946-9, and then came back north to Guernsey as the Queen Elizabeth Hospital surgeon, 1950-8. He returned to Africa as the Haile Selassie Hospital surgeon, Ethiopia, 1959, and finally returned to his native Ireland as the Dr Steeven’s Hospital RSO, in Dublin, 1959.
He was the youngest ever fellow of the RCSI (October 1935). He set up the first blood transfusion service for black Africans around 1938. He pioneered hypnosis in surgery for over 40 years, performing more than 4000 procedures without anaesthesia.
He developed a unique bond of friendship over 20 years as a Protestant working in a Catholic hospital. He ran the busiest accident and emergency departments in Ireland for more than a decade, with one of the lowest mortality rates in the country. He cured himself of basal cell cancer and chronic varicose veins through self hypnosis.
He produced a series of gramophone records/cassette tapes and CDs from 1965 onwards, dealing with psychosomatic disorders and based on self hypnosis (How to Stop Smoking was top of the pops and later was the best selling LP in Ireland in 1971).
He had a long and illustrious career as a legal medical expert, sparring on many occasions with Arthur Chance, who had once given him a job in 1959 at Steeven’s Hospital. He appeared several times on The Late Late Show, Nationwide and various other television programmes.
He produced a video entitled The Power of the Subconscious showing himself performing eye surgery under hypnosis in the 1960s.
He published three books: The Life and Times of an Irish Hypnotherapist (1989), Relax and Live (1992), and Memoirs of an Irish Surgeon—An Enchanted Life (1999). After 70 years’ practice, he was still working seven days a week until the Wednesday before his death at the age of 95. He was in the process of drafting three more books, one about case histories in hypnotherapy, an academic/medical book on hypnotherapy, and one on James Esdaile, a Scottish surgeon who practiced hypnosis for surgical purposes in India in the 1800s.
He visited India aged 90 and even got on a camel and rode around the Taj Mahal. Despite a severe stroke in 1989, the replacement of both rheumatoid knees, an operation for carpal tunnel syndrome, and a life threatening and murderous attack in 2004, he still had plans to visit the Himalayas and China. He is survived by Andrew Gibb, his son-in-law; Jason Gibb, his grandson; Tamsin, his granddaughter; and two great grandchildren. [S C Kohli, Andrew Gibb]

10. OBITUARY OF ROBERT BAKER (1921-2000)
A few of Dr. Baker's many articles
An alien taxonomy
Can we tell if someone is staring at us?
If look could kill and words could heal...
Scientific remote viewing
and books
Hidden Memories
They Call It Hypnosis
Mind Games
Stress Analysis of a Strapless Evening Gown
Missing Pieces: How to Investigate Ghosts, UFO's, Psychics & Other
Mysteries (with Joe Nickell)
"All areas of human thought were of interest to him, I think. He was just
very, very wise."
By Jennifer Hewlett/Lexington Herald-Leader, Aug. 11, 2005: Robert Baker, considered an expert in the workings of the human mind and one of America's pre-eminent ghost busters, died Monday at his home in Lexington. He was 84. Mr. Baker, former chairman of the University of Kentucky psychology department, spent a good deal of his time using science and reason to explain away things that seemed to defy natural laws for others. He was known for saying "there are no haunted places, only haunted people."
Astronomer Carl Sagan sought out Mr. Baker when he was working on an article about alien abductions. Joe Nickell, a nationally known fellow ghost buster with whom Mr. Baker once investigated alleged haunted houses, often relied on Mr. Baker's expertise. "He was just really very, very wise and understanding of how the mind worked -- how easily we could not only be fooled ... but how we fool ourselves," said Nickell, a former UK English professor and now a senior research fellow for the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal in Buffalo, N.Y. "One of his cases involved a woman who was ... seeing a little ghost girl," Nickell said. "Bob went and very carefully interviewed her and her husband and neighbors, and found that only the woman would see the ghost. He found that she wanted very much to have a child of her own and could not. Bob steered the conversation away from the ghost and counseled the couple to adopt a child. When they did, the little ghost girl went away forever."
Mr. Baker also was involved in a number of more run-of-the-mill cases, such as houses that had seemingly unexplainable noises and moving objects in them. In addition, Nickell said, "No one knew more about alien abductions than Robert Baker." Nickell said that he and Mr. Baker shared a common view that paranormal claims should not simply be accepted or dismissed, but carefully investigated, with a view toward solving any mystery.
Mr. Baker, he said, was sensitive to people's feelings and gentle in his dealings with them. "I would say he had an international reputation, particularly among rationalists, people who looked to science and reason to explain things, as opposed to superstition," Nickell said. "Whenever I had a question about some case where I was sort of guessing at the psychology of something, I would pick up the phone and call him," he said. "He was very, very important to the work of our organization and magazine." The magazine is called Skeptical Inquirer.
Mr. Baker was an organizer and had served as president of the Kentucky Association of Science Educators and Skeptics and was a fellow of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal. He also was a past president of the Kentucky Psychological Association and a fellow of the American Psychological Association.
Mr. Baker retired from UK in 1989 after teaching humanistic psychology for about 20 years. Humanistic psychology deals with issues of human existence, such as love, aging, personal fulfillment, and the meaning of life and death.
During his career he also spent many years designing training methods for the U.S. Army, and he worked as a psychologist for the state department of corrections.
He also had been a staff scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a professor at Chico State College and Indiana University S.E. He said he started investigating claims of the paranormal to help ease the panic some people feel about ghosts and to protect the public from those who claimed supernatural ability for financial gain. He taught workshops on investigating paranormal claims.
He wrote several books, including Hidden Memories, They Call It Hypnosis, Mind Games, Psychology in the Wry and Stress Analysis of a Strapless Evening Gown. He co-wrote a book called Private Eyes and contributed articles to professional magazines. He and Nickell wrote a book called Missing Pieces: How to Investigate Ghosts, UFO's, Psychics & Other Mysteries. "All areas of human thought were of interest to him, I think. He was just very, very wise," Nickell said. Mr. Baker was a native of Blackford in Crittenden County and a World War II Army veteran who held bachelor's and master's degrees from UK and a Ph.D. from Stanford University.
He is survived by his wife, Rose P. "Dolly" Baker; three sons, Michael Baker, Robert Baker and John Baker, all of Lexington; three daughters, Kathryn Franklin of Florence, Carol McGinnis of Bardstown, and Belinda Dorsch of Lebanon, Ohio; and seven grandchildren.

11. OBITUARY THEODORE BARBER (1927-2005):
THEODORE BARBER DIES AT 78; WAS MAJOR CRITIC OF HYPNOSIS: JEREMY PEARCE: NEW YORK TIMES: SEPT 2005: Theodore X. Barber, a psychologist who became a leading critic of hypnosis after his scientific studies concluded that the power of suggestion often worked nearly as well, died on Sept. 10 at a hospital in Framingham, Mass. He was 78 and lived in Ashland, Mass. The cause was a ruptured aorta, his family said.
Dr. Barber developed what became career long studies of hypnosis in the 1960's, while conducting research at the Medfield Foundation, a private psychiatric research center in Massachusetts. Earlier, in a series of experiments performed door to door, he and other researchers found that they could induce sleepiness by suggestion alone, without the swinging watches or formal protocols used by hypnotists. Power of suggestion worked effectively on about 20 percent of the people tested, although another 25 percent had no reaction. (Durbin: There a many ways to hypnotize people besides the swing watch and waking hypnosis consist of suggestion as described above.)
The results stimulated Dr. Barber's interest in the hypnotic state, and he examined people who could be easily or deeply hypnotized. In the 1970's, he helped identify a small minority - 2 percent to 4 percent of the population - who were especially responsive, and he then studied the group. With other researchers, he found that the people most susceptible to hypnosis included those who were "gifted fantasizers" or "amnesia prone."
John F. Chaves, a psychologist at the State University of New York, Stony Brook, said Dr. Barber's studies "took a lot of the magic away from hypnotism," but explained a great deal about phenomena traditionally associated with hypnosis, including memory and concentration.
In 1969, Dr. Barber published a book, "Hypnosis: A Scientific Approach," that Dr. Chaves said "placed hypnotic phenomena in the mainstream of social psychology." Also in the 1960's, Dr. Barber's research introduced the Barber Suggestibility Scale, a method of evaluating patients and measuring their responsiveness to a range of suggestions. The scale is still in use. Theodore Xenophon Barber was born in Martins Ferry, Ohio. He earned his doctorate in social psychology from American University in 1956, and after a period of research at Harvard, he joined the Medfield Foundation in 1961. He became director of research there in 1973, and served as chief psychologist at Cushing Hospital in Framingham from 1978 to 1986. He was also a former chief psychologist at Medfield State Hospital.
Dr. Barber is survived by a son, X. Theodore Barber of Manhattan; two daughters, Elaine Barber of Silver Spring, Md., and Rania Richardson of Manhattan; a brother, John Barber of San Antonio; and two sisters, Angela Fardy of Westwood, N.J., and Mary Brillis of Hastings-on-Hudson, N.Y.

12. OBITUARY GEOFF GRAHAM (1932 – 2005): MAXIMILIAN SCHMIERER: With Geoff Graham’s passing we have lost a good friend who has been central to BSMDH for many years and who’s memory is imprinted powerfully upon the consciousness of all who knew him..
He was a "Geordie" giant in all senses of the world. Massive of girth, titanic in intellect and innovation, awesome in personality and insightfulness, and above all a man with infinite gifts for the honest enjoyment of life and compassion for his fellow men. He welcomed newcomers to the BSMDH warmly like old friends, was a constant source of encouragement and knowledge, and was very largely personally responsible for the growth of BSMDH in the 70s and 80s.
Geoff was born in Newcastle in 1932 .He studied dentistry at Newcastle University and after qualifying was called up for his National Service. After that he established a practice in Newcastle. and quickly became involved with the BSMDH. Over the years Geoff held a multitude of roles within the Society, including those of Chairman and President, and his input at both organizational and clinical levels is inestimable. For all who saw Geoff in action his flair and skill in demonstrating clinical hypnosis was quite breathtaking.
He was a wonderful teacher and it was impossible not to be enthralled by his enthusiasm and passion for hypnosis. Through the respect and love in which he was held throughout the world of hypnosis, we were fortunate to hear great master of the hypnosis world, Martin Orne, David Cheek and Calvert Stein amongst their number, who were also his friends. This made the courses he organized in the Northeast for those of us fortunate enough to attend memorable.
He was certainly an eclectic therapist. A vital feature of his belief being that before adapting any model of therapy he would study it to the ultimate degree. If he accepted it he would embrace it wholeheartedly, always aware that much of the therapist’s skill was in matching the specific approach, whatever that was, with the needs of the individual patient. Many of us will recall his involvement with primal therapy and the dramatic (and to me very scary!) demonstrations of re-birthing that we were witness to on his Newcastle workshops.
His enthusiasm could lead to controversy, particularly amongst some of the more conservative of those involved in the BSMDH hierarchy. In this context he was way ahead of the game when, at a time when the video was little known or used, Geoff put together what must have been one of the first commercial videos for public consumption on smoking cessation. This was viewed critically by some. In the furore which developed he more than held his own, but afterwards, typically of the man, friendships continued and there was a total lack of animosity or loss of respect on either side.
More years ago than I care to remember, every Friday I would stop dentistry at midday and drive 160 miles to Newcastle to spend invaluable hours in Geoff’s consulting room, watching the great man at work, attempting to deconstruct his magic, and learning more by the minute in his presence with his patients..
I remember clearly one session to which I was privy. Geoff was vigorously re-birthing a tough, twenty stone Glaswegian, and this entailed the guy being forced bodily between Geoff’s somewhat bowed legs whilst swearing lustily and imaginatively as I cowered in the corner of the room. Afterwards, aghast, I said to Geoff “I couldn’t work like that” and he replied “Of course you couldn’t. It’s not your style. You have to learn everything and then it’s up to you what you do and how you do it.”
Strange that even now when I’m taking someone through progressive relaxation and use the word “eff-ort-less-ly” it seems to come out in a Geordie lilt. Strange how certain exceptional people continue to live on within your brain. Geoff leaves a wife, Trish, and daughters Suzy and Heather. To all of them and to the rest of his family we send our sincere good wishes and heartfelt sympathy on their sad loss.

13. OBITUARY JOHN DEWERTH (1911-2006) USED HYPNOSIS IN MEDICAL PRACTICE; HIS TECHNIQUE: JESSE GARZA: MILWAUKEE JOURNAL: JUNE 2006:
Once, at a Menomonee Falls tavern, one of John DeWerth's sons raised a question to which half of the tavern's patrons raised their hands."He said, How many people in here have been delivered by Dr. John DeWerth?' " DeWerth's daughter Patricia DeWerth Corbett recalled Tuesday. "He delivered at lot of babies," she said of her father, who practiced medicine in Menomonee Falls for 30 years.
Services will be this week for DeWerth, who died Sunday after a brief illness at age 94.He started as a general practitioner but went on to practice internal medicine and surgery. He also specialized in the treatment of diabetes and incorporated hypnosis in the treatment of childbirth, weight loss and smoking cessation.
John Homer DeWerth was born on Aug. 14, 1911, in Milwaukee to Walter and Frances DeWerth, proprietors of DeWerth's Park, a beer garden on the north side. In 1937, he earned his medical degree from Marquette University, where he met his future wife, Bernice "Bunny" Hayett.
He became medical director for A.O. Smith before joining the staff at St. Joseph's Hospital.
He studied internal medicine and surgery at the University of Pennsylvania and the Lahey Clinic near Boston, where he gained his diabetes specialty. He returned to Milwaukee as medical director for the Milwaukee Induction Board during World War II before establishing a family medical practice in Menomonee Falls. He established the Mary Hill Clinic in Menomonee Falls, where he began to integrate hypnosis into his practice, his daughter said.
Word of his technique spread nationally, DeWerth Corbett said. "He had people from all over the country coming to see him to lose weight or stop smoking," she said. "He would use (hypnosis) when he delivered babies so women wouldn't have to have anesthesia."
When her brother John had trouble studying while attending Notre Dame University, her father hypnotized him so he could concentrate better, DeWerth Corbett said.
That worked out fine until he learned to hypnotize himself, she said. "A call came from someone saying (her brother) couldn't come out of his trance," she remembered. "Somehow my dad had to resolve it over the phone." Her father closed his Menomonee Falls practice in the early 1970s and returned to St. Joseph's, where he served as director of emergency medicine before retiring in 1977.
During his retirement, he enjoyed hunting, fishing and spending time on his property in Adams County. He later moved with his wife to Alexian Village in Milwaukee, his daughter said.
"Once, he said to one of his nurses, I used to be a brilliant man,' " DeWerth Corbett recalled. "And she looked at him and said, You still are.' " DeWerth, who was preceded in death by his wife and son William, is also survived by sons John, Robert, Thomas and another daughter, Mary.
Visitation will be from 4 to 7 p.m. today at Church and Chapel Funeral Home, 15250 W. National Ave., New Berlin. The funeral will be at 10:30 a.m. Saturday at St. Boniface Catholic Church, W204- N11940 Goldendale Road, Germantown. Copyright 2006, Journal Sentinel Inc. All rights reserved. (Note: This notice does not apply to those news items already copyrighted and received through wire services or other media.) [Copyright 2006 Journal Sentinel Inc.]

14. OBITUARY JAY HALEY (1924-2007):
JAY HALEY DIES FEB 13 2007 AT AGE 83: Haley dies Feb 13 2007 at age 83. He was a psychologist recognized as a pioneer of family therapy and a co-founder of the Family Therapy Institute in Chevy Chase, died Feb. 13 of cardiopulmonary failure at his home in La Jolla, Calif. At the time of his death, he was a research professor at the California School of Professional Psychology at Alliant International University. Mr. Haley was a proponent of brief therapies that focused on solving concrete and immediate problems rather than delving into the past for root causes. Developed by Mr. Haley's mentor, Milton H. Erickson, the approach also shifted the focus from the client in isolation to the social context, particularly the family unit. "Working with more than one family member in therapy was a radical idea at the time," said Scott Wooley, a colleague at Alliant International University. Mr. Haley once wrote that "my most significant contribution is breaking therapy down to a practice of specific skills -- of simple ideas, skills and techniques. This is quite different from the non-directive ideology the field had when I first got into it." His direct approach occasionally brought him into conflict with colleagues who relied on more traditional approaches, as the New York Times noted in a 1985 article about a conference in Phoenix attended by a number of psychotherapy luminaries.
In a heated confrontation with a New York psychoanalyst who specialized in long-term treatment of troubled adolescents, Mr. Haley said: "When you say an adolescent had such-and-such a development history, that's just your dream, based on fantasy or hearsay. You'll never really know what happened in his past."
Mr. Haley insisted that it was "the therapist's job to change the patient, not to help him understand himself." At the Phoenix conference, as the Times reported, he came under attack from two renowned therapists, Carl Rogers, founder of client-centered therapy, and Rollo May, a best-selling author and existential therapist. They said that Mr. Haley's approach was manipulative and dangerous. "Those who do long-term therapy say it is shallow just to focus on change, but at least the patients get over their symptoms," Mr. Haley said. Michael D. Yapko, a California therapist who considered Mr. Haley a friend and mentor, recalled that Mr. Haley also could be a sharp-tongued critic of those who agreed with his approach and that he had little patience for well-established practices pertaining to session lengths, session frequencies and fees. Yapko quoted a line Mr. Haley wrote in 1988: "Of the many ways to set a fee, the most obvious is to charge for the cure of a symptom rather than the number of hours sitting in the presence of a client."
Jay Douglas Haley was born in Midwest, Wyo., and grew up in California. After serving in the Army, he graduated from the University of California at Los Angeles in 1948. He also received an undergraduate degree in library science from the University of California at Berkeley in 1951 and a master's degree in communication from Stanford University in 1953. In 1974, he cofounded the Family Therapy Institute, based in Chevy Chase. Under his leadership during the next two decades, it became one of the nation's leading training institutes. He also taught at the University of Maryland, Howard University, and the University of Pennsylvania.In 1994, he moved to La Jolla, where he continued teaching, writing, lecturing, and making films.
Mr. Haley and his wife, filmmaker and anthropologist Madeleine Richeport-Haley, produced 25 training videos.He was the founding editor of “Family Process,” the first journal in the field of family therapy, and was co-founder of the Family Therapy Institute in Washington, D.C. He had been a professor at the University of Maryland, Howard University and the University of Pennsylvania. For the past nine years, he had taught at Alliant International University's Scripps Ranch campus.
He was the author of more than 100 scholarly papers and 21 books, including "Strategies of Psychotherapy" (1963), "Uncommon Therapy" (1972), "Leaving Home: The Therapy of Disturbed Young People" (1981), and "The Power Tactics of Jesus Christ and Other Essays" (1999). Mr. Haley is survived by his wife, Madeleine Richeport-Haley; daughter, Kathleen Haley of Richmond; sons, Gregory of San Diego and Andrew of Conshohocken, Penn.; four grandchildren; and one great-grandchild.

15. OBITUARY ALBERT ELLIS (1923-2007) THE OBIT IS NOT THE END:...MICHAEL ELLNER: I couldn't help notice the seriousity in the various "obits" that I was reading about the death of Dr. Albert Ellis, yesterday. It seems to me, the best way to honor the good doctor's lighthearted approach to life was to announce his death in a lighthearted way.
Here goes: Pioneering Psychotherapist, Albert Ellis Kicks the Bucket at 93: All kidding aside, DR Albert Ellis will be remembered as one of the most influential psychologists in history. Some may be surprised to learn that Dr. E. was a major influence in developing my own "Directed" self-help programs as an alternative way to practice hypnosis. It's true.
In marking the passing of DR Ellis - I want to thank him for his major contributions to humanity -- radical alternatives to the destructive theory and practice of psychoanalysis. Thank You DR Ellis! “The trouble with most therapy is that it helps you feel better, But you don't get better. You have to back it up with action, action, action.” Albert Ellis, The New York Times interview 2004.